Lubricants



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" UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Lunarcms John D. Morgan, South Orange, N. 3., assignor to Cities Service 011 Company,-New York, N. Y., a corporation of Pennsylvania No Drawing. Application October Serial No.

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This invention relates to lubricants and more particularly to a lubricant which is essentially a single chemical compound that has a comparatively uniform viscosity over a wide temperature range.

Petroleum lubricants are made up of a mixture of a large number of different hydrocarbonsr There are generally parafiinic, aromatic and" naphthenic hydrocarbons as well as some oleilnlc hydrocarbons in lubricants. It is very hard to control the physical properties of this mixture of hydrocarbons and to obtain a mixture of uniform composition which has uniform is to provide a lubricant which has a compare I andwith a small amount of extreme pressure.

physical p n rtim The viscosities of petroleum lubricants vary quite widely with changes intemperature. r

The primary object of the present invention tively uniform viscosity over a' wide temperature ranse.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, the base of which is a synthetic compound having a fixed composition.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, the base of which is normal hexyl ether.

A further object of the invention is to provide a lubricant which is a synthetic compound and colioidally combined with a metallic soap.

Another object of the invention is to provide a lubricant, thebase .of which .is a synthetic.

additive agent, normal hexyl ether has high extreme pressure load-carrying characteristics.

Normal hexyl ether has a comparatively uniform viscosity over a comparatively wide temperature range. For example, the viscosity at minus '40 1". is 15 centistokes'. the viscosity at lelo degrees I". is 5.48 centistokes; at 100 1".

' the; viscosity is1.59 centistokes: and at 200 I".

point of normal hexyl ther is-below 50 degrees below zero I".

Several extreme pressure additives are soluble in normal hexyl ether and give high load-carrying properties to normal hexyl ether as a lubricant. For example, Polane,. a commercial product which is a chlorinated ester of a fatty acid,

such as chlormethyl stearate, made according ,to Lincoln et al. Patent No. 1,944,941 is very effective. Santolube No. 261, a commercial product which is a metallic" derivative of alkylated carboxylic acid containing tin and sulfur, the tin being 9.25% by weight and sulfur 8% by 'weight of the compound- Santolube'No. 261 is a 'sulfurised tin salt'of an alkyl phenol car- I boxylic acid manufactured under Patents Nos.

.- the viscosity a so centistokea' rm.- freezing u 2,197,834-5, 2,255,441, and 2,257,751. A sulfur-' ized tricresyl phosphine made according to the disclosure of Engelke Patent No. 2,260,303, is an excellent extreme pressure agent. The addition of from 3% to 1% of any of the above additives to normal hexyl other will give extreme pressure load-carrying capacity to the normal hexyl ether so that whentested in a 4-ball testing machine there will be no seizure at a pressureof 1000 lbs. which is the limit of loading the test ing machine.

lithium and aluminum soaps toprovide a grease which has a comparatively lmiform viscosity over a wide temperature range. The soaps are preferably stearates, although oleates may be used. In making the grease, the soap" is disr.

solved in the normal hexyl ether. From 3% to 1% by weight of one of theadditives discussed above is added tc'the etherin order to make an extreme pressure load-carrying'grease; It has been found that a heal ether grease will result when 83% to 92% of normal hexyl ether has colloidally dispersed therein from 6% to 12% of lithium soap and 1% to 3% of aluminum soap. It is desired furthermore to add to this mixture 1% inc-2% of latex and .3% to 1% of Polane or Santolube No. 261, or a sulfurized tricresyl phosphine or other suitable extreme pressure agent. The preferred form of the invention having been thus described what is claimed as new is:

1. A lubricant having comparatively uniformviscosity over a wide temperature range, con sisting of normal hexyl ether having a small amount of an extreme pressure addition agent dissolved therein.

2. A lubricant having comparatively 'unilorm I viscosity over a wide temperature range, consistofnormal hexyl-cther 3% to Normal hexyl ether is colioidally miscible with 1% of extreme pressure addition agent dissolved therein. 1

' 3. A lubricant having a comparatively uniiorm viscosity over a widetemperature range, consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient proportion oi a lithium soap to impart a grease consistency to the. lubricant and a suflicient pro portion of an extreme'jpressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.

4. A lubricant having a comparatively uniion'n viscosity overa wide temperature range, consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having colloidally dissolved therein a suflicient pro-' portion oi lithium 'stearate to impart a grease consistency to the lubricant and a suiiicient proportion of an extreme pressure agent to impart extreme pressure properties to the lubricant.

5. A lubricant having comparatively uniiorm viscosity over a wide temperature range; consisting 01! normal hexyl ether-83% to 92%; lithium stearate 6% to 12%; aluminum stearate 1% to 3%:latex 1% t0 2%.

, 6. A lubricant having comparatively uniiorm viscosity over a wide temperature range, com- 25 prising a normal hexyl ether 82% to 92%; lithium stearate 8% to 12%; aluminum stearate 1% to 3%; .latex 1% to 2%; extreme pressure addition agent .3% to 1%. A

7. A -method oi lubricating metal bearings, comprisin applying to the bearing a lubricant consisting essentially of normal hexyl ether.

8; A method oiflubricatlng metal bearings. comprising applying to.-the bearing a solution consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether hav-- ing a small'amount of an extreme pressure additive agent dissolved therein.

9. A method oi lubricating metal bearings,

comprising applying to the bearing a solution consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having irom-.3% to 1%, oi an extreme pressure tive dissolved therein. a

10. A method oi lubricating bearings, com

prising applying to the bearing to be lubricated a colloidal lubricant consisting essentially oi normal hexyl ether having dissolved therein a proportion oi lithium stearate suiiicient to impart a grease consistency to the lubricant.

11. A lubricant comprising a major proportion oi normal hexyl ether and a minor proportion oi lithium and aluminum stearates, the aluminum stearate being presentin smaller propor- 

